Adventures Of Huck Finn And Pleasantville Essay Example For Students

Undertakings Of Huck Finn And Pleasantville Essay Have you at any point known about the incomparable Mark Twain? Numerous individuals have and perceive his books by name; particularly his most acclaimed book called Huckleberry Finn. The incredible thing about Huck is that it was intended to be a straightforward book, yet wound up considered a work of art. The purpose behind this is it contains numerous incredible american topics and themes. Numerous American books, books and motion pictures likewise contain these subjects and themes, making it simple to contrast Huckleberry Finn with Pleasantville. Albeit totally different stories, in correlation Huck and Pleasantville have similar themes. Both the film and the book have the themes of going west, rebel versus the foundation and Jim Crow/Shaman. This article will look at these normal American themes. The go west theme is about the characters fleeing or getting away from where they already were this doesnt essentially need to incorporate an outing west. In Huck Finn the stream is the apparatus used to support Huck and Jim escape from their life. The stream assists with removing Huck and Jim from human progress and rejoin them with nature. The stream additionally assists with liberating them from bondage, Huck being a captive to the Widow Douglas and Jim really being Miss Watsons slave. In Pleasantville a real existence in shading is the means by which the townspeople are permitted to go west. At the point when they are in highly contrasting they have the ideal life, implying that nothing can ever turn out badly, hence they can never gain from their mix-ups. At the point when David presents the idea of deduction for themselves to the adolescents of Pleasantville they start to see that there are different places on the planet, this starts to change things from highly contrasting to shading. The two stories contain the theme of going west. Another theme in these two works is the Rebel versus the Establishment theme. In Huck the revolutionary would be Huck and one of the foundations would be the cultivated individuals in the book. Huck will not accept that individuals can be so shallow and strict, and furthermore accepts that this originates from being cultivated. The other foundation would the Widow Douglas/Miss. Watson/Aunt Polly figure in Hucks life. It appears he is continually revolting on one of these individuals who are attempting to cultivate him. In Pleasantville David is the radical and one of the foundations is the grown-up populace of Pleasantville. David is against the grown-ups on the grounds that he can't get the vast majority of them to accept his perspective. The other foundation is theblack and white thinking about the townspeople. David persuades the majority of the young people to think uniquely in contrast to they were educated and this transforms the town into shading. Both of these accounts have the agitator versus the foundation theme. The last theme in these two works is the Jim Crow/Shaman theme, where one character acts dumb or abnormal in the public arena and afterward turns out to be exceptionally instinctive in nature. In Huck, Jim is the Crow/Shaman, changing with his environmental factors. When in the public arena Jim acts like the Crow, and it appears to be regular. When Jim and Huck go down the stream Jim transforms into the Shaman, and turns out to be to some degree more astute and instinctive. In Pleasantville Jennifer is the Crow/Shaman, and changes with the setting. At the point when the film first beginnings she is the Shaman; at home she fits in and knows precisely what to do. At the point when she shows up in Pleasantville she turns into the Crow and acts extremely odd contrasted with every other person. The two stories contain characters that are both Crow and Shaman. Taking everything into account both Huck Finn and Pleasantville contain numerous comparable themes, three of them being the go west, rebel versus foundation and Jim Crow/Shaman themes. In this way demonstrates regardless of whether the tales are totally different they all contain comparative themes. The purpose behind this is individuals who compose stories dont acknowledge they are placing themes into their work, it falls into place without a hitch from being American.

Pros and Cons of High Stakes Testing in California Research Paper

Upsides and downsides of High Stakes Testing in California - Research Paper Example It is an apparatus of progress yet not for judgment of the capacity or cunning. Besides, information from statewide testing is ordinarily accessible to the open thus every parent is equipped for review the exhibition of the youngster. Availability of these data helps guardians in creation of increasingly educated choices concerning how their youngster reasonable on with training (Madaus, Russell and Higgins, 2009). High stakes assessments causes uneasiness yet yearly testing and regular practice tests help kids in propelling their test taking abilities over a period. Along these lines, youngsters are fit to figure out how to manage pressure, creating proper aptitudes and techniques basics in accomplishing the parent’s and school desires (Au and Tempel, 2012). Then again, instructors and comparing specialists have grave disadvantages with respect to high stakes testing. High stakes tests cause any control that isn't identified with science and language expressions not to be lea rnt in class. In addition, science, social examinations and workmanship to be relinquish so as to make time for learning test prep (Au and Tempel, 2012). Weight on the fundamental educators can cinch down the resourcefulness and creativity. In addition, pressure from the organization regularly results to less versatility in creating exercises plan to the overall individual understudies. Raised weight on the predominant guardians and understudies is regularly counterproductive in the event that the weight isn't useful. How high stakes testing has helped or impeded understudy accomplishment or progress High stakes testing has come about to improvement of adjustment inside the study hall that is significant and positive. The arrangement has instructors to all the more likely arrangement their hidden guidance in this way permitting them the capacity of narrowing in explicit collections of information that are basic to understudies. This direction of the educational program have supporte d youngsters in understanding ideas by convincing educators to be increasingly mindful of state standard necessities concerning instructing (Au and Tempel, 2012). In addition, high stakes testing in schools have made the educators to know about the coordinating guidance to what the understudies require to know so as to be fruitful on the state commanded tests. By the by, high stakes testing assign constrained time inside the school year in this way doesn't allow time for vast guidance consequently affecting contrarily with respect to the kids (Madaus, Russell and Higgins, 2009). Depiction of state's testing framework and high stakes testing High stakes testing awards educators an opportunity to improve their aptitudes in giving directions and specify the standard that control educational program accordingly permitting increasingly parental inclusion inside the instruction. Additionally, educational program ponders the state-ordered government sanctioned test that is normall y conceded yearly. State&apos as a testing framework is a created set of state guidelines that have unconventional arrangement of aptitudes that understudies should be educated at specific evaluation level. It takes into consideration simple development of the understudies from one school to the next in a similar state inside the center of school year. It supposedly was removing the educators inventiveness and capacities of instructing (Au and Tempel, 2012). Depiction of moral inquiries associated with the testing The moral inquiries concerning the testing relate to the observation that the innovation was flawed despite the fact that fundamental

Show own photo on Posts, Comments, Forum by using Globally Recognized Avatar

Show own photo on Posts, Comments, Forum by using Globally Recognized Avatar If we make comment on Blog Posts, Comment section or in web Forum then generally our images not displaying. Instead of own image some website display avatar. And it changes site to site. Many Blog, Forum dont publish from unknown commentator. So we have to make comment this way thus our own image will display after making comments. Comments with commentator image will make it more reliable and acceptable. Because it contain identity of the commentators. You may hear about Gravatar which can help you to display your image when you make comments on other blog. Even you are using Google Blogger but commenting on WordPress blog then your image will be visible after making comment by the help of Gravatar. What is Gravatar? Actually Gravatar used for displaying image while commenting on other Blog, Web Forums etc. But you have to register before and include photo in Gravat. Originally Gravatarmeans Globally Recognized Avatar. And it belongs to WordPress. Why should we use Gravatar? We should use Gravatar for several reason. But mostly we should use for the following reason- Gravatar help to display image so your comment recognition will be prior. Constant commenting by using Gravatar may divert traffic. Because visitors from other blog may feel interest. In comment section your image visibility may improve the relationship between you and authors. How to setup Gravatar? Before setting up Gravatar you have to get a good quality photo but small size. Its better to have photo in png format. And choose common photo which you generally used in all of your sites, including social media. For setting up avatar just follow the below steps- Step 1 Go to https://en.gravatar.com/ and enter your email address. Click on Create Your Own Gravatar. Step 2 Now signing up page will appear with form. Just fill up the form with Username and Password. And finally press the Signup button and If you are using Google Blogger platform then its better to use your Google Blogger email address. Step 3 You will receive a confirmation email from Gravatar site in your mail box. So open the email and Click on Activate Account. And it will show message Your WordPress.com account has been activated! Step 4 Now Click on Sign in to Gravatar button and its time to manage Gravatars. You can also modify your given email address or by clicking on add a new email link. Step 5 From top right corner mouse over on your Gravatar image and click on Add an Image. Step 6 You will get several options for uploading your image. Just click on My Computers Hard Drive. And click on Choose File to select your photo from Hard Drive. And finally click on Next Button. Step 7 By default image size will be 80px X 80px. But you can crop and rate your image easily. Dont worry its very simple and a built in feature will help you to crop your image. And Click on Crop and Finish! Button. Step 8 In this time you have to choose your photo rating. In terms of rating select G rated box. Because this means your photo is suitable for all viewers. Now your Gravatar is ready to use.Wheneveryou make a comment on a Blog or forum then it will display yourGravatar image. After set up the Gravatar you can setup My Profile Section on Gravatar. Just Sign in to your Gravatar account and click on My Profile Tab. And under that tab you will find several link to fill up like Name and details, Photo Gallery, Websites, Background, Contact Information and Verified Services. So click one by one link and provide your details information. After that press the Save Profile button. Though that is all optional but you should fill up to complete your profile. Because after making comments on other Blog and Forum if you mouse over on your Gravatar image then it will display an option to view your complete profile. And complete profile will make your accounttrust able. If you are facing trouble to set your Gravatar then feel free to leave a comment below. I will help your to set up.

Modern Dance Free Essay Example, 1000 words

He is a man who gave a new shape and look to the modern dance form. From a very juvenile age, Alvin Ailey was fascinated to the diverse dance forms and took immense interest in watching them (Bailey, pp. 15-30). Illuminations, performers’ attire and dancers falling in the midst of melody and harmony has always been a center of attraction for him, but surprisingly he never thought about making dancing as an occupation or a profession. As his interest in the dance, come into view since a very young age, therefore, he learned and took lessons of acting and dancing from a number of choreographers and professionals in the related field (Bailey, pp. 30-35). Alvin had developed into one of the leading, considerable and crucial persuasive bodies in the approval and recognition of the modern dance form that did not came under compliance until the mid of the twentieth century. For the modern dance to come under acknowledgement by the society and people, Alvin Ailey made many endeavors that embraced his inward bounding into his own dance forms and styles, publicizing of his own work by commencing and initiating a workshop or a galley. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Dance or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The company of Alvin Ailey provided equal opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their race, culture and color (DeFrantz, pp. 35-40). Enhancement, ornament, and embellishment of the American modern dance tradition and legacy were the fundamental intentions and reasons that Alvin Ailey initiated and established his company. Revelations is one of the remarkable and worth mentioning work of Alvin Ailey, which is an assortment and integration of manifold emotions and are features that underscore the beliefs and reminiscences of his life (DeFrantz, 225-250). Many of his performances have focused and illustrated the accuracy and certainty about the life of an African American, as he wanted to safeguard, maintain and conserve the distinctiveness of the their cultural face. The prevalent and principal influential factor was one of his adviser, guru, and companion that portrayed and depicted the dancing methods and practices in the work of Revelations and his other performances (DeFrantz, 225-250). Ailey was a charismatic, influential and full of life person and these qualities of his come under reveal in the sequence of dance steps in the modern dance as well. He was a flexible individual who used his forte of dance and choreography for other groups and bands as well and did not restrict himself to his theater only. Alvin did not confine his work to certain dance steps and techniques; rather, he focused on melodramatic actions and used to create the diverse and different amalgamation of dance method and practices based on it (DeFrantz, 125-140).

The Effects Of Gun Control And The Prevention Of School...

Nicholas Kornasiewicz Ms. Revenaugh English 9, Period 6 10 December 15 Put a â€Å"Cap† in Gun Control On April 20, 1999, two teenagers killed 13 people and wounded more than 20 at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado (Zirming). The incident drew worldwide attention. It led to widespread discussion over gun control and the prevention of school violence. With unstable characters like this jumping through the ineffective background checks, none are safe. You may think our little village is far from any of this. That’s what the families of victims in Sandy Hook said. Gun control is the effort to fight violent crime by strengthening laws on the ownership of firearms. The use of a gun in a crime is more likely to result in a person s death than the use of most other kinds of weapons, including knives. Gun control laws aim to reduce the criminal use of guns as much as possible and, at the same time, to interfere as little as possible with other gun use. Without it, the world would spiral into chaos. In the late 1990 s, several local governments in the United States began to sue gun manufacturers for the effects of violence committed with guns (Zirming). This did not deter gun related crime. In order to prevent brutalities, such as the incidents in Aurora, Colorado and Newtown, Connecticut, the United States should construct higher restrictions on guns. Whether it is personalized laws for each state or a collective ban altogether, there are reasons why these restrictions couldShow MoreRelatedGun Violence Essay1050 Words   |  5 Pages Gun violence should be addressed in the United States because it is one of the leading causes of death facing Americans. According to the Center for Disease Control, over 33,000 people die in gun related deaths each year, nearly two-thirds of which are suicides. Since the Columbine High School massacre in 1999, there has been great concern for the safety of children in schools. Other mass shootings like the recent Las Vegas shooting are making a ll Americans feel that they are at risk of becomingRead MoreThe Importance Of Gun Violence1280 Words   |  6 PagesViolence has an impact in various forms all over the world. More than a million people die each year and many more suffer from violence related injuries. Violence is the leading cause of death worldwide for ages 15-44. In specific, gun violence is a leading cause of premature death in the United States. Guns kill 30,000 people and injure 60,000 people a year. More than 30 years ago, violence and health were not used in the same sentence. However, this issue is complex and deeply rooted into ourRead MoreGun Laws And Gun Control1584 Words   |  7 Pages Guns in the U.S has been a problem for many years now. So much so that America is what comes to mind when people think about guns. America is the most known nation in the world when it comes to firearms, with citizens owning about an astonishing 270 million of the world’s 875 million firearms(Marshall). That is thirty percent on the world registered firearms. The reason why Americans own so may guns comes down to the second Amendment, which claims, â€Å"A well-regulated Militia, being necessaryRead MoreJuvenile Gun Violence Essay955 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile Gun Violence Juvenile gun violence is an ever-increasing problem in our country. With a wave of school shooting behind us it is time to get this under control. Many studies have been done on how to effectively diminish juvenile gun violence. It is clear that this must be handled on a state and local level with the federal government backing the states. Prevention and law enforcement is the key to successfully eradicate our nation of the ugly stain caused by youth gun violence. PreventionRead MoreViolence - Behavior Involving Physical Force1370 Words   |  6 PagesViolence – behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something. In my own words, violence – hate, gangs, guns, anger and war. Violence in Chicago – nonstop killing. Shootings and murders are through the roof in Chicago. In the past year, in 2015, there has been 29 murders, 136 shooting victims and 119 shootings. In just this year alone, in just the first month the shooting and murders were double that. In statistics released, the Chicago Police Department reportedRead MoreGun Control Laws And Better Education On The United States1376 Words   |  6 PagesSandy Hook Elementary School , more than six adults and twenty children were shoot. On January 14,2013, the campaign I Demand a Plan† have pop out against gun violence ; nearly one million Americans have signed on to the coalition s. The incidence of homicides committed w ith guns in the U.S. is greater than other developed countries. Every day of the year, an average of 33 Americans are killed with guns. The gun violence is violence which committed with use of a gun to committee illegalRead MoreEssay about America Needs More Gun Control Laws1397 Words   |  6 Pagesthe United States. Nevertheless, in today’s society, gun violence is sparking debate and controversy on how to control gun violence. Throughout the country, thousands of laws and regulations have been created to aid in the control of guns. Through much study, the gun laws and regulations in place have very little effect on the number of gun related injuries and deaths. More needs to be done to establish an effective way to control gun violence. Potential Solutions Shootings in the United StatesRead MoreThe Problem Of Teen Violence995 Words   |  4 PagesTeen violence has become a longstanding agent in the culture of the nation’s youth. Every year, approximately one-million twelve to nineteen year olds are murdered or assaulted, many by their peers, and teenagers are more than twice as likely as adults to become the victims of violence. From schools (grammar and high school) being subdued by a fellow student on an angry rampage to figures of the law flipping and dragging students in class. Something has to be done. Although the issue is far tooRead MoreHow Laws Towards Violence And Schools Should Be Conceived? A Way That Will Implement Strategies And Methods Essay1321 Words   |  6 Pagesoccurring within the school setting. Due to this increase, laws have been enacted in order help minimally alleviate and help respond to the violence that occurs within schools. However, violent events within the schools is still a major problem encountered by educators, administrators, parents, and students. The common acts of violence that occur range from simple threats all the way to mass shootings and suicide. Unfortunately, the current laws simply cover acts of violence only when and/or afterRead MorePersuasive Essay On Gun Control1037 Words   |  5 PagesGun control and the safety of the United States is crucial to our society as many incidents keep reoccurring. There are many issues with Guns as they are the third leading cause of death in children here in America. Many altercations between people o f whether guns should be banned or not is always talked about when this concern is brought up. I feel that a proper education system of teaching children awareness of guns can potentially help many Americans save countless of lives. Guns do not have to

Teaching Reading Comprehension And Fluency - 1044 Words

Reading comprehension and fluency are explored in chapters three and four. The authors of chapter three review what they feel to be ten essential elements of teaching reading comprehension. It only stands to reason that a child’s knowledge of the world around them greatly affects their comprehension, especially while reading expository text. However, not all students enter the classroom with the same amount of this â€Å"world knowledge†. I have had students who have summered in Europe and students who have never left the state all in the same classroom. Teachers must provide differentiation in instruction, as well opportunities to engage in a wide variety of texts to build domain and world knowledge to support reading comprehension. As a STEM lab instructor and lover of children’s literacy, I am intrigued by the, Seeds of Science/Roots of Reading, program referenced in chapter three. I am continuously looking for ways to use literature to introduce my STEM topics. Not only are world knowledge and exposure to various genres essential elements in reading comprehension, but students should also be motiviated! Students should enjoy what they read. I appreciate how the authors refer to this as the â€Å"will and thrill, not just the skill†. Before we can teach strategies, text structure, and engage students in meaningful discussions, they need to get hooked on the idea of reading. By keeping a reading journal, students can have the opportunity to write about their favoriteShow MoreRelatedAnalyzing And Teaching Reading : Fluency And Comprehension902 Words   |  4 Pages8: Assessing and Teaching Reading: Fluency and Comprehension The Common Core State Standards place importance on the ability for students to understand and analyze key ideas in text. Students who have reading fluency are able to read text at a steady rate, summarize supporting details, and analyze different points of view. To assess a student’s fluency rate, teachers can measure WCPM, the words read correctly per minute in 2-3 grade-level passages. To assess reading comprehension, teachers can askRead MoreResearch: Tim Rasinski1165 Words   |  5 PagesResearching of Reading Expert Tim Rasinski Over the years education has evolved from the one room schoolhouse to multimillion-dollar campuses, naturally educational expectations have evolved as well. The ability to read was once a sign of wealth and sophistication; now reading is an essential skill to function in every day society. Reading is used in every aspect of life, all reading research can agree on the fundamental importance of reading ability. Reading is the act of taking written informationRead MoreThe National Reading Panel ( A Short Note On ) And The International Reading Association ( Ira )1034 Words   |  5 PagesThe National Reading Panel (NRP) and the International Reading Association (IRA) are two different associations that provide research findings on the best practices for teaching and learning literacy. Reading and understanding the findings of both associations is important for educators and parents to boost the literacy rates of our children. Below I will summarize the reading standards that our outl ined by both and provide my thoughts and insights. The NRP concludes that children need to be taughtRead MoreTeaching Fluency- Implications for Repeated Readings as a Viable Strategy in Teaching Fluency in the Second Grade Classroom1716 Words   |  7 PagesFluency has become a widely discussed topic in education today. There are many opinions among educators and researchers on what fluency means, and how it should be addressed in a classroom setting. I researched four articles from respected journals, and in this paper I will attempt to define fluency and measurement tools. I will also discuss Repeated Reading as a viable strategy for teaching Fluency in the second grade classroom. I chose this particular topic, because I felt it would be most beneficialRead MoreReading Comprehension Is A Cognitive And Mental Problem Solving Process1488 Words   |  6 PagesThe reading process is a cognitive and mental problem solving process of decoding symbols so children can derive or construct the meaning of reading comprehension. The reading process is a means of language, communication, and the sharing of ideas and information. Comprehension is when children have the ability to understand or get meaning from the texts they read. With reading comprehension children will benefit greatly when explicit instruction is used. By doing this children can learn how to applyRead MoreFluency, Vocabulary, Comprehension Focus Area1429 Words   |  6 PagesFluency, Vocabulary, Comprehension Focus Area Hugh Mackay States that â€Å"Obviously, every child should be given the best possible opportunity to acquire literacy skills.† This quote by Hugh Mackay pretty much states what this paper is about. It will elaborate why fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension are important to all learners at all levels. As well as providing assessments in the areas of fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension, which can be used to assess where learners are so that we can provideRead MoreThe Early Years Learning Framework For Australia1706 Words   |  7 PagesSince literacy evolves with changes in cultural communicative practices and technological developments, so too do definitions of what literacy is. There is some agreement on what literacy involves, and most definitions include reading, writing, speaking and listening, and sometimes viewing or visual literacy. The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia [EYLF] (DEEWR, 2009, p.38) defines literacy as â€Å"a students’ capacity t o access, manage, interpret and reflect on written texts in order to achieveRead MoreThe Failure Of Students Being Able For Read And Comprehend What They Are Reading888 Words   |  4 PagesThe failure of students being able to read and comprehend what they are reading is a great concern for most schools. When students enter the fifth grade and are not on grade level, they are already behind their classmates. Teachers are then responsible for remediating the students to get them on grade level. Unfortunately, these same students are unable to keep up with on grade level standards teachers are required to teach, because they lack the skills needed. These students will continue toRead MoreA Balanced Literacy Program Is a Necessity for a Childs Education1264 Words   |  5 Pageseffectively. Each of the activities play a necessary role, but can not stand alone when teaching children to read. These activities include: phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, comprehension , and writing. (CITE INFORMATION) Effective teachers use balanced literacy instruction in their classroom, teachers see the results in their children’s ability to effectively read. In a study conducted by the National Reading Research Center supervisors were asked to select their highly effective teachersRead MoreLayer Four : Strategies For Multiple Components Of Instruction962 Words   |  4 Pagesthe strategies students need to learn when reading and writing in a balanced program. This layer also relies on the five components of instruction. This section will add strategies and skills teachers can use to teach each of the five components. This section builds on what was written before by adding these strategies and skills to help build strong readers and writers. Layer 4: Building on the Five Components As mentioned before, The National Reading Panel in 2000 and the No Child Left Behind

Outline for Jules verne speech Essay Example For Students

Outline for Jules verne speech Essay A journey to the center of the earthTwenty thousand leagues under the seaare just a few titles, this are just s few examples of the great adventurous, scientific and imaginative novels Jules Verne wrote. Today i would like to inform you about this great man, Jules Verne, this genius consider the Father of Science Fiction. Jules Verne was and is still know as a great author, a scientist and a well-rounded manSo to start out we can go deeply on some of these aspects of his life. a) Jules Gabriel Verne was born in 1828, in Nates, France. He was an adventurous child. He ran away once as a child, when he was eleven years old to be exact; and came upon a small boy who was crying. The boy said he had to leave his family on a ship, but he didnt want to, so for a small sum the boy agreed to let Jules take his place. He thought he was going to have an adventure but his father caught up with the ship before it got very far and took Jules home to punish him. Jules said that after that he would only travel in his imagination, and he certainly did. Bibliography:

Abuse of Power Andrew Jackson and the Indian Removal Act of 1830” free essay sample

This article concentrates on the seventh president of the United States of America, Andrew Jackson, and the ethnic cleansing of Native Americans by forcing relocation to west of the Mississippi River. The removal of the Native Americans was to be voluntary, but it was nothing of the sort. In 1829, President Jackson stated to Congress about the Indian removal that, â€Å"This emigration should be voluntary, for it would be as cruel as unjust to compel the aborigines to abandon the graves of their fathers, and seek a home in a distant land. What he said and what he did were on the contrary. The reason for President Jackson’s removal of the Native Americans was that many saw the Native Americans as uncivilized nations unable to adjust into the American culture. He repudiated his previous statement to Congress and said, â€Å"Doubtless, it will be painful for them to leave the graves of their forefathers, but what do they do more than our ancestors did or our children are now doing? Author Alfred A. Cave did an outstanding job on explaining the details and deceit of President Andrew Jackson and the government in regards to the Indian Removal Act of 1830. It was apparent that the author was for the Native Americans and did not agree with the Indian Removal Act of 1830 and how it transpired. He portrayed that the President felt that the Native Americans were a threat to the government security. The author also clearly explained that even though President Jackson and his supporters continually assured the people that were unsure about the removal of the Native Americans, plenty of examples were given to where that was just the opposite. Bottom line is that Andrew Jackson did not want to deal with anyone that acted outside of his own culture. Because of his actions, thousands of people died during relocation to present day Oklahoma. These people were promised a new life but instead met the end of their lives by being victims of deceit.

Financial Statement Essays

Financial Statement Essays Financial Statement Essay Financial Statement Essay Amply, also known as bitter melon, is a crawling vine that grows well in tropical countries, particularly in the Philippines. The term amply refers to both the plant and its fruit, which is elongated, green and has a rough and rumpled skin. Known for its bitter taste, the amply is at once a staple ingredient in Filipino and Asian cuisine and a reliable home remedy for various illnesses, particularly diabetes. Amply has long been a popular part of many Asian vegetable dishes. Although the bitterness of bitter melon might turn some people away from it, it can really sweeten health because of its disease preventing and health promoting photo chemical compounds. Amply is rich In Iron, potassium, beta-carotene and other nutrients. Aside from Its role as a healthy food, amply Is especially valued by bathetic for Its known anta-adulates properties. Amp Jam Is made out of bitter gourd and special sweeteners which can also be served to diabetic people. Many diabetic people suffer from their sickness which also affects their eating habit; diabetic people are not suitable to eat sweet food because it can affect their blood sugar. Jam and candies is one of the foods that can put diabetic people into trouble. Amp Jam is the solution for their craving in sweet foods, delivering a smooth sweet yet bitter food that is good for diabetic people and children who do not eat vegetables. Nature of EDP Amp Jam Is the name of the product and It Is manufactured. The name Amp is derived from Its mall Ingredient which Is the amply. What made the product delectate for others that It Is made with a nutritious vegetable called the amply. It undergoes a complex process, especially ingredients in a tolerable level to make it distinctive from other varieties of Jam. Objectives of the Project This project aimed to apply all the knowledge gained by the researchers in their past subjects in business management program through conducting an actual business practice. Specifically, it aims to: 1. Apply the skills and knowledge of the proprietor in operating a business; 2. Utilize the bitter gourd in the production off healthy and nutritious Jam; 3. Produce a Jam that can also be served also for diabetic people and; 4. Determine the profitability of the Enterprise Development Project. Time and Place of the Project Amp Jam sales operation is thrice a week: Monday, Wednesday, Friday based on the distribution strategy and per order of the customers. Productio n time will start at 6:00 a. M. 1 1 a. M. Operation of the business commenced on the fourth week of January antitrust week of March 2013. Figure 1. Location of the enterprise Amp Jam was manufactured in Bulk 43 Let 24 Brag. : San Miguel I, Disarming City, Cavity. And the alternative store is in San Sister Labrador, I Disarming City, Cavity, Disarming Town Proper, Disarming City, Cavity and Cavity State University Emus- Campus. Organization and Management The Owners/General Managers of the Earnest Enterprise are This is a general partnership wherein they both bond the overall capital needed for the business to operate. The name of the enterprise comes from the owners name, Era and Kenneth. Ms. David is in charge of handling the accounting and inventory of the products, while Mr.. Graded is in charge of the marketing process, creating promotional activities in the selling process of Amp Jam. The term marketing mix refers to the four major areas of decision making in the marketing process that are blended to obtain the results. The four elements of the marketing mix are sometimes referred to the four As of marketing. The marketing mix shapes the role of marketing in doing a business and in making a profit. Each element in the marketing mix, product, price, promotion, and place consists of numerous sub elements. Earnest Enterprise used marketing mix, which was the basis of their strategies in pricing placing, producing and promotional aspects of the product as it was launched in the market. Since it is a newly introduced product in the market, marketing aspect is a must in order to get the target market consumption. The marketing concept holds that achieving organizational goals depends on knowing the needs and wants of the target markets and delivering the desired satisfactions. In order to satisfy its organizational objectives, an organization should anticipate the needs and wants of nonusers and satisfy these more effectively than competitors. Target Market. The target market of Earnest Enterprise are those health-conscious people and diabetic patients who retrain from eating sweet foods. Competition. Jams are commonly consumed as filling in bread. Unlike other fillings, Amp Jam can be served to any health conscious person who wants to avoid sweet fillings that can affect their blood sugar. Figure 4. Indirect competitors of Amp Jam The above figure shows the direct competitor of Amp Jam which are Clara Ole and Philippine Brand. These are locally manufactured in which they produce different rarity of Jam, like Strawberry Jam, Mango Pineapple Jam, Mango Jam, Pineapple Jam, Guava Jam, Coconut Jam and Orange Marmalade Jam. The products of Clara Ole weigh at egg at the price of 74. 50 while the Philippine Brand products weigh at egg at the price of 99. 50. Product. Amp Jam would be very beneficial for all ages and sexes. If served with bread, it will become a heavy meal that is a good substitute for lunch and snack. Since many people perceive its bitterness, Earnest Enterprise had of changing their views on its bitterness the moment they taste Amp Jam. Amp Jam an solve their liking in sweet foods. Figure 5. Amp Jam Figure 6. Logo of Amp Jam The Amp Jam logo is composed of four colors which are the red, yellow, green, and black. These colors are appropriate in the product line because Red is attention- getting to the eyes of the buyer. Yellow means cheerfulness and fun which is good for promoting the product. Green symbolizes health and healing and Black symbolizes protection and comfort, it is good to apply color black in a product to ensure its safety. Price. Price is one of the four As in the marketing mix and is yet another weapon in the marketing armory. Price penetration is a marketing strategy used by firms to attract customers to a new product or service. Penetration pricing is the practice of offering a low price for a new product or service during its initial offering in order to attract customers away from competitors. The reasoning behind this marketing strategy is that customers will buy and become aware of the new product due to its lower price in the marketplace relative to rivals. Penetration pricing can be a successful marketing strategy when applied correctly. It can often increase both market share and sales volume.

Firm's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Firm's - Essay Example This is an important figure to know because from this, the revenue price for each product can be calculated. The formula is shown below: To determine Average Total Cost, we need to add the Total Fixed Cost to the above equation. The Total Variable Cost and Total Fixed Cost are summed together and divided by the units of output per day. This figure is another important number to know because it can be added together with the Average Variable Cost to determine the cost per unit. In this case, it would be $49 ($22+$27). The formula for Average Total Cost is displayed below: To find out Worker Productivity, we simply take the units of output per day and divide it by the number of workers. This will give us the number of units that each worker produces each day. This formula is shown below: Both sets of calculations have the firm’s output price at $25 and the Average Variable Cost at $22. The difference is in the Average Total Cost. The first scenario has ATC at $27, while the second scenario has an ATC of $37. However, in both of these cases, the AVC is lower that the output price. Because of this, the firm should not be shut down immediately in either case. In terms of break-even numbers, we need to divide the total loss by the daily wage of each worker. For the first example, the $400,000 loss would be divided by $80 per worker (400,000/80), which equals 5,000 workers. If 5,000 workers were laid off, it would leave a workforce of 45,000. If we assume that production remains steady at 200,000 units per day, this means that Worker Productivity would have to increase from 4 units per day to 4.4 units per day (200,000/45,000). The second case would have a loss of $2,400,000 divided by $80 per worker (2,400,000/80), which would result in a loss of 30,000 workers, leaving the workforce at 20,000 workers. If we assume that production output (200,000 units) remains the same, then each worker would have to produce 10 units per

Trafficking Paper Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Trafficking Paper Final - Essay Example The issues of migration, consent, and working conditions of all trafficked persons are among the concerns pointed out by both sides of the debate. Interestingly, â€Å"while the understanding of trafficking and its definitions have expanded, discussions of trafficking are often still limited to its most salacious aspects, verging at times on voyeurism.† (Ditmore, 2005a) â€Å"Laws on prostitution vary significantly from one country to another but generally fall into 3 categories: prohibition, which makes all prostitution illegal; regulation, which legalizes and regulates prostitution; and abolition, which decriminalizes prostitution.† (Barry, 1995) Nevertheless, given all these policies and their good intentions, the human rights of the trafficked person are still ignored. As one author put it responsive action to the problem of human trafficking is still better than new laws, national or international. (Barry, 1995) In the 19th century, the military was often ineffective due to venereal disease. Not surprisingly, this was traced to their sexual activities with prostitutes. As a result, the immediate focus of the government was to prevent the contamination but without impinging on the soldiers’ sexual behaviors. A place was set up where public prostitutes were registered and required to have semi-weekly examinations. Trafficking, which was synonymous to prostitution that time, was to be regulated because it was a way of passing on the disease to the military personnel. However, the Act only applied to women. (Barry, 1995, p.93) â€Å"The Contagious Diseases Acts were designed to protect the health of the military men by subjecting any woman whom the special Morals Police identified as a prostitute to a â€Å"surgical examination,† which involved the use of crude instruments for special vaginal examinations by often cruel doctors.† The

What Is English As A Lingua Franca?

What Is English As A Lingua Franca? Over the last few decades, with global spread and use of English, some researchers have shown an increased interest in English as a Lingua Franca. The issue of ELF has eventually become an important focus of research in applied Linguistics. McKay (2003) emphasizes that local context and learners needs should play an important role in the teaching of English. Kirkpatrick (2007) claims that we, as English language teachers, should reconsider which model of English should be adopted for the language classroom in countries where English is used mainly for international communication. This paper seeks to the following things. Firstly, the paper will explore what is meant by English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) and followed by the discussion the importance of relevant issues, such as choosing the right teaching model, cross-cultural intelligibility and strategies, accommodation and open-minded attitudes towards different English varieties. Secondly, with respect to Chinese context, the author will discuss the choice of appropriate teaching models. As an English language teacher in China, the author claims that the choosing of teaching models should be based on the local context and learners needs. Finally, the author will discuss the development of China English in Chinese context. 2. What is English as a Lingua Franca? 2.1 The Spread of English Nowadays, there is no doubt that English is an international Language. It is widely used as a communication medium in the fields of politics, economics, culture, technology etc. Crystal (2003) points out that the number of non-native speakers (NNSs) of English is far more than native speakers (NSs) and claims that roughly only one of every four users of English in the world is an English native speaker. 2.2 World Englishes With the spread of English in the world, there are now many varieties. Jenkins (2004) refers to these as world Englishes. In other words, English no longer has one single base of authority, prestige and normativity (Mesthrie Bhatt, 2008). The three circles model proposed by Kachru (1992) has been very influential and gives us a good understanding of the spread of English and world Englishes. These three circles, based on geography and history, include the Inner Circle, the Outer Circle and the Expanding Circle. The Inner Circle comprises the countries in which people speak English as a native language (ENL), known as Norm-providing, such as USA, UK, Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Outer Circle includes the countries where English is spoken as a second Language (ESL), most of which used to be the colonies of UK, US, and regarded as Norm-developing. Jenkins (2009) points out that one of the main characteristics of the Outer Circle countries is that the variations of English in ESL have become institutionalised and are developing their own standards. The Expanding Circle means EFL countries, such as China, Japan, Korea and Thailand, known as norm-dependent. The main reason for defining the Expanding Circle is that English has no official status and can be seen as dependent on the norms of the inner circle countries (Jenkins, 2009). 2.3 English as a Lingua Franca However, language is always developing and changing. With the spread of English, Kachrus three circles model (Kachru, 1992 )is criticized by some scholars (Jenkins, 2005; Seidhofer, 2004) because it pays more attention to the interaction between native and non native speaker, and has not recognized that one of the most important functions of world-wide English today is to provide a lingua franca between all three circles. In particular, the interaction takes place within the Expanding Circle (Mollin, 2006). Therefore the term ELF is proposed under this circumstance In the first place, it was widely accepted that ELF does not include native speakers. House (1999) defines ELF interactions between members of two or more different linguacultures in English, for none of whom English is the mother tongue. In other words, from Houses point of view, ELF means English is spoken by speakers whose first language is not English. Jenkins, however, claims that the term English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) refers to the English that is used as a contact language among speakers who come from different first language and cultural background (Jenkins, 2005). In other words, despite the fact that native speakers are not like non-native speakers which represent a large percentage of the totality of the worlds ELF users, they are still included in ELF, But their interactions are not collected in Jenkins ELF data, and when they take part in ELF interactions, they do not represent a linguistics reference point (Jenkins, 2007). ELF is characterized by the following: (1) ELF is used in different contexts in which speakers have different L1 and cultural background, but they need it as a tool to achieve their communication goal. During this communication process, they need to be open-minded, tolerate and accommodate each other (Politeness, schema theory and so on). (2) ELF is different from EFL which the main purpose is to communicate with native speakers and the interaction needs to adhere to ENL linguacultural norms. (3) Linguistically, ELF involves innovations, performativity and creativity that differ from ENL (Seidlhofer, 2011). When Speakers negotiate meaning with each other in English, they may change the ENL norms. For example: Use of 3rd person singular zero. She/he go to school. More details please see the appendix one (Jenkins, 2009). Obviously, the term ELF well represents English as it is used today. In addition, the ownership of English does not only belong to native-speakers, it belongs to all who communicate with each other in English (Nelson, 2011). With the global use of English, Cross-cultural Intelligibility, certain communication strategies are needed in ELF interaction, such as accommodation and code switching, the awareness of noticing the specific communication context. The discussion will be explored in the next session. 3. ELF and relevant issues for the classroom 3.1 The teaching models Seidlhofer (2006) points out that, with global use of English, a problem is raised to choose the teaching model: what English should be taught in a specific context? What norms of English should be adopted? People make different choices based on their needs and context of learning English. Three models are proposed by Kirkpatrick (2007: 184-197): exonormative native speaker model, endonormative nativised model, and a lingua Franca approach. Most people in Expanding Circle Countries would like to choose the exonormative native speaker model, because most of them learn the standard British and American English and their respective standard accents, RP(Received Pronunciation) and GA (General American),despite the fact that they know learning English is not only to communicate with native-speakers(Jenkins, 2009). But in fact, the term standard English deals with grammar and vocabulary (dialect) but does not include pronunciation (accent) (Trudgill Hannah, 1982). Shepherd (2000) claims t hat which model is chosen depending on the learners needs and should use the learner-centred approach. In the meantime, it is very hard for speakers who are in expanding circle countries to achieve native-like English. On the contrast, it will not motivate the learners and makes them lose confidence in learning it (Seidlhofer, 2011). 3.2 Cross-cultural intelligibility and strategies As English continues to grow as a lingua Franca, there are a lot of variations of English. How should we achieve the cross-cultural communication? Smith (1976) pointes out the view below: 1) There is no need for learners to internalize the culture norms of native speakers of the language; 2) the ownership of an international language becomes denationalized and 3) the primary goal of learning language is to make learners to communicate their ideas and culture to others. For example, generally speaking, Nelson points out that (2011) we will identify who people are, where he or she comes from by his or her lexical choice or accent before we communicate with other person from different background with us. However English is currently used as a Lingua Franca, the goal of communication is to make each other understood. International Intelligibility is getting more and more important and become a concern in recent days, especially understanding each other in multiple contexts (Nelson, 2011). Therefore developing the students listening and comprehensibility and speaking skills are very crucial in order to understand people and make other people understood who come from different backgrounds with different accents. Since the purpose of learning Language is to achieve communication, so how to get the meaning of language through different pronunciation or accents when people speak English is becoming a main issue in ELF. Learning linguistic features and knowing different cultures might be helpful to understand different variations. Therefore understanding your speaker linguistically and culturally will lead to successful communicate in a super diversity context, In short, Knowing how, when, and why to say what to whom. Furthermore, in order to achieve the international intelligibility and effective communication, raising the awareness of the strategies of lingua franca communication is becoming more and more important in the interaction. Promoting multi- competence among native and non-native language users (Cook, 2007), the accommodation theory, the schema theory, the speech act theory, cultural information, cross-cultural negotiation and strategies, language technology, cultural awareness and so on 3.3 ELF: attitude and identities Now English is becoming a Lingua Franca, hence the norms of native speakers countries are not only one standard, in the meantime, non-native speaker countries have got the ownership of English. So not only non-native speakers need to accept the native-speaker norms, they have got their own particular norms. At the same time, Jenkins (2007, 2009) claims that native speakers should accept non-native speakers norms .Because in the current situation the expanding circle is potentially rather different from typical situations in which powerful NS groups impose their linguistic norms on less powerful, often minority, NNS groups. In particular, many groups of English speakers in parts of Europe, Latin America, and East Asia (especially China) are both economically powerful and numerically large, and this may ultimately prove to be decisive in the fight for the recognition of ELF, in turn, it may affect the ELF identity landscape in ways that are at present only dimly discernible (Jenkins, 2 009; Seidlhofer, 2011). Widdowson (1993: 385) claims that it is a matter of considerable pride and satisfaction for native speakers of English that their language is the international means of communication. However, it is very hard for native or even non-native speakers to accept the worlds Lingua Franca which has its own lexicogrammar and accent characterises and should have its own right to develop its own Lingua Franca forms. For instance: China English, Japan English. Even these features did not cause intelligibility problems and can achieve the goal of communication (Jenkins, 2004). For more details, please see the appendance one. Identity is becoming an interesting issue in English language use nowadays. Recent literature (B. Kachru and Nelson.2001; De Kadt, 2004) point out that the use of English plays an important role in showing groups and individuals identities. Because non-native speakers use English with their own characters show their own identities. Especially people use English to communicate with people who came from different background, For example, the interaction between a Chinese English and Korea English speaker, and they may be identified by each others pronunciation and accent. In most of cases, English language teachers and learners desire native-like English identity in Expanding Countries, Especially for non-native English teachers. In their mind, native-like English accents are helpful for them achieve the success in the career development. 4. Rethinking ELF in China Kirkpatrick (2006) points out that context should be considered before making the decision to choose the teaching model, and the context includes learners needs and the relative possibility of adopting nativized model. Next, the role of English based on Chinese context and learners needs are discussed in more detail, then the teaching model in China is described, and the development of China English is explored. English in China Nowadays With the spread of English, English is seen as extremely important and strongly promoted in China. The motivation for learning English for Chinese learners are discussed in more details based on Chinese context, and the uses of English in China is always changing over time. With economic reform and open door policy of China in 1979, and the motivation of learning English is to acquisition Western knowledge (Kachru, 1992: 165) and international understanding. English is a compulsory subject in primary, secondary and universities in China, they need to pass the examinations. Students in secondary need to pass the National Examination to access to university, students in the majority of Universities need to pass CET band 4 to get the degree. Some students who want to study abroad need to pass IELTS and TOEFL. Here, the role of English is as a medium to access to science, technology, political, business, culture information around the world. However, nowadays more and more teachers and learners notice that learning English is to international communication. Especially, since China entered WTO in 2001 and held 2008 Olympic Games, these make China get involved in globalization. For example, many companies in USA and some European countries found that they can cut the costs and make more profit if they send their jobs in China, it is well known as outsourcing. People in China who want to work in these companies need to have a high proficiency of English. In addition, with the development of China, more and more people study abroad, travel and immigrate around the world, and they are exposed to English with different accents. They not only need to communicate with people in the inner Circle countries. ¼Ã‹â€ America and UK ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °, but also need to interact with people in some Outer Circle and the Expanding Circle(Singapore, India, Malaysia, Japan and Korea). Finally, with China emerging as an economic superpower, Chinese government found that China not only needs to learn the knowledge from the world, but also need to let the world know about China, Confucius Institutes have founded all over the world since 2004, which provide opportunities for people to know Chinese Language and culture. For mandarin Chinese teachers, they need to translate Chinese Language and culture into English. However, sometimes it is very hard to find the word in English vocabulary to express Chinese language and culture. Therefore, direct translations from Chinese into English take place(Kirkpatrick,2007), such as taichi, kung fu, fengshui, iron rice bowl, one country, two systems, open-door policy. 4.2 Teaching models in China As mentioned earlier, Kirkpatrick (2007) points out that there are three potential models which can be used in outer and expanding circle countries, and they are an exonormative native speaker model, endonormative nativised model and a lingua franca approach. China is one of such expanding countries, and the exonormative native speaker model has been accepted and promoted as the standard pedagogic model for English language teaching in China. However, there are still a lot of changes during the period of development of English in China. In the past, only native-speaker varieties and norms are used and other varieties of English are ignored in China. British English is regarded as standard English in the beginning; with the economic development of America, American English dominated in the ELT of China, mixed with a little British English; in the last two decades, with the economic development of China, more and more foreigners from different countries in the world go to China to do b usiness, study and travelling, and some Chinese people are exposed to different varieties of English and they found it hard to communicate with foreigners with different accents. This raises their awareness of the importance of other varieties of English. Therefore, nowadays, other varieties of English are taken into account in English curriculum. Including Canada English, China English, India English, Nigeria English, Japan English, and so on. English teaching materials have reflected these changes and tend to incorporate the principle of English as a Lingua Franca in terms of cultural knowledge. In the English teaching materials, not only the culture of native speaking-English countries is introduced, but also the culture from the inner and expending counties is presented inside. Kirkpatrick (2006) points out the advantages of adopting the exonormative native speaker model in the Outer and Expending Circle countries. Firstly, this model has been codified in the dictionary and grammar books; Secondly, this model is regards as standard varieties of English; thirdly, this model has got power. Fourthly, this model has got historical authority (ibid: 72). The above reasons also can explain why the learners in China want to learn American and British English, and why they regard American and British English as Standard English. However, with the global development of English, other varieties of English have already started to be drawn attention in the field of ELT in China. Kirkpatrick and Xu(2002) points out that the reason for learning English should be clarified before choosing the right English teaching model, if learning English is to communicate with native speakers, then the exonormative native speaker model will serve a good role, however, in fact, In China, the purpose of learning English is not only to communicate well with native speakers, but also communicate with non-native speakers, and the number of non-native speakers has already exceeded the number of native speakers, in the meantime, the number of non-native speakers are still growing at the fast speed. Therefore, they argue and suggest that the development of China English with Chinese characteristics may be an inevitable result (ibid: 277). 4.3 China English The concept of China English has been attracting growing attention from scholars over the past 20 years (Du and Jiang, 2001; Kirkpatrick and Xu, 2002; Hu, 2004; Bolton, 2003,). This concept is different from the older terms Chinese English and Chinglish, because Chinese English and Chinglish are ungrammatical or nonsensical English and are not standard variety. Chinese English refers to a variety of English used by Chinese learners and bears trace of L1 interference (Kirkpatrick and Xu, 2002).while Chinglish refers to the combination of English and Chinese in ones sentence. China English was first defined by Ge in 1980 (Du and Jiang, 2001), and it is described as it is understood as a standard variety and used by Chinese People in China, and it has Chinese characteristics in lexis, sentence structure and discourse and reflects Chinese culture norms (Li, 1993;Du and Jiang, 2001). Undoubtedly, English is a lingua Franca now and English should be learnt with the culture of the target language to a certain extent in order to learn English language. In the meantime, in the Chinese context, China English should be developed to make it part of the main English. For example, during the period of learning Mandarin Chinese, many students are interested in Chinese culture, i.e. Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, traditional wedding, traditional Chinese musical instruments, the ancient Chinese works, Chinese food etc. But it is hard to find English words to describe these special things with respect to Chinese knowledge and culture. This is a big problem and challenge for Chinese people to communicate with foreigners in English. The emergence of China English contributes to the development and enrichment of English and spread the Chinese culture around the world, so it is necessary to develop China English with Chinese characteristics in lexis, sentence structure an d discourse and become one part of the worlds Lingua Franca. and China English needed to be codified to appear in dictionaries and reference books, of course, there is a long way to go before China English become one standard variety, this not only needs official support, but also needs to change peoples attitudes towards China English, and further research needs to be done to investigate China English with respect to phonology, lexis, discourse and culture. Kachru (1992) emphasizes that giving the rights to develop the variety of norms would not lead to a lack of intelligibility among varieties of English. 5. Conclusion In this paper, this author has discussed the understanding of ELF from narrow and wide view. Secondly, this paper has explored the implications of ELF for classroom issues: Choosing the teaching model should be based on students context and needs; In order to achieve the Cross-cultural Intelligibility, we should raise the students awareness of effective communication strategies; as long as non-native speakers features such as lexicogrammar and pronunciation do not cause Intelligibility problems and can achieve the goal of communication, we should be open-minded and accommodate each other (Cogo Dewey, 2006; Dewey, 2007). More importantly, some people would like to keep their own identity when communicating with each other in English. Finally, this author focused on the discussion of teaching model in China based on Chinese context, and then the author discussed China English and advocated China should develop China English along with learning native-speaking culture and this may be n ext big trend on teaching English in China. Nanoparticles: Applications and Impact on Science Nanoparticles: Applications and Impact on Science Nanoparticles (NPs) functionalised with cores composed of inorganic and organic materials like noble element, magnetic metals, their alloys and oxides, and semiconductors are ehaustively studied and have huge potential for application in various areas. The spectrum of applications are endless and embraces nano-biomedicine, nanoprobes for diagnostics to treatment of diseases, nanobots for early detection of neoplastic cell, nano drug delivery systems, Nanosuspension, SPION, nanolithography for nanoelectronics industry, electrochemical sensing supported by gold nanoparticles impregnated halloysite nanotube composites and latent fingerprint detection for forensic investigations are to call a few. The effects of nanoparticles ought to be predictable and controllable, and bear the specified result with minimum cytotoxicity. These criteria are met by the careful craft of the core shell, allowing stabilization, specific targeting and recognition of biochemical species. This review is focuse d on the synthesis and functionalisation of a wide range of nanoparticles for various applications. Keywords: nanoparticles, SPION, nanobots, halloysite, nanodrug delivery system forensic investigators, nanoelectronics. 1.INTRODUCTION: The incredible accomplishments created within the discipline of material science and nanotechnologies over the past decade have had a significant impact on the biological, physical, and, chemical sciences. Recent developments in the life sciences rely profoundly on the supply of latest state of the art experimental tools and devices that modify and manipulates biomolecules and avail the study of complex biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels. Significant progress created inside the synthesis of fluorescent semiconductor Nanocrystals (NCs), further brought up as quantum dots (QDs), aboard an extra robust understanding of their nonlinear photo physical properties and then the event of biocompatible surface chemistries for their solubilization, have provided new imaging probes with monumental potential for scientists in the biological domain [1-3]. The distinctive optical properties of these semiconductor Nanocrystals make them exceptional fluorescent biological marke rs. The leptons in QDs are confined in all three dimensions, resulting in a powerful size dependency of optical behavior like absorption, transmission and, consequently, emissive energies [4]. The radiative recombination of the charge carriers that ends in fluorescence emission once the lepton falls into the valence band is greatly inflated by quantum confinement, compared with their bulk semiconductor [5-8]. Thus, by reducing the dimensions of certain semiconductors to a couple of nanometers, new fluorescent probes may be obtained entirely different from their bulk counterpart. Additionally, by varying the nanometric size a greater control over the fluorescent properties of these probes like their emission wavelength can also be achieved to utilise its complete spectral potential [1]. Nanoparticles are constructs that possess distinctive physical and chemical properties associated to their size domain of 1–100 nm or a minimum of one dimension need to fall in the regime of 1-100 nm. NPs consist of a spread of materials as; metallic nanoparticles of noble metals of Gold / Aurum (Au) [9], Silver/ argentous (Ag) [10,11], atomic number 46 (Pd) [12], atomic number 78 (Pt) [13],magnetic compounds (viz. Co [14], Fe3O4 [15,16], FePt [12], CoFe2O4 [17], CoPt [18]), semiconductors (viz. CdS [19], CdSe [20], InGaAsP [21], GaAs [22], GaAsP [23], ZnS [24], TiO2 [25], Lead Sulphide (PbS) [26], Indium Phosphide (InP) [26], Silicon (Si) [27]), core shell (viz. CdS/CdSe [28], CdSe/ZnS [29], CdS/ZnS [30], CdSe/AgS [31], HgS/CdS [32], PbS/CdS [33, 34], CdS/HgS [35], ZnS/CdSe [36], ZnSe/CdSe [37]) and different nanocomposites nanomaterials (viz. Co/WC and Fe/TiC). Therefore, as for the NPs to be useful in biomedicine, they need to satisfy certain criteria. For in-vitro applicat ions like fluorescent staining of proteins and TEM imaging, NPs ought to trounce the traditional agents whereas having minimal toxicity. In-vivo, NPs got to be compelled to avoid non-specific interactions with plasma proteins (opsonisation) and either evade or allow uptake by the reticulo endothelial System (RES) hoping on the applying, to attain their meant target efficiently. They need to in addition maintain homogeneity and stability under physiological conditions, ideally within a good spectrum of pH. NPs carrying a payload, like drug molecules or de-oxyribonucleic acid (DNA) for cistron treatment ought to avoid premature release, at the same time should precisely deliver the load to the desired site. To accomplish these phenomenon Surface Chemistry of the NPs should be well known and modified accordingly for specific interactions with biological moieties of interest. Nanoparticles-based drug delivery system provides many blessings, like enhancing targeted drug delivery, resulting in drug-therapeutic efficiency, reduction in dosage quantity, and pharmacological characteristics. Moreover, nanoparticles additionally improve the solubility of sparingly soluble drugs,dramatically alter pharmacokinetics mechanism, enhances drug half-life by reducing immunogenicity, increases specificity towards the target cell or tissue (therefore reducing facet effects),improve bioavailability, diminishing drug metabolism, providing controllable release of therapeutic compounds and in addition the delivery of two or more drugs at an equivalent time for combination medical aid [38,39].In the field of qualitative analysis, UV, FTIR-ATR [5] shows a stimulating spectral improvement in peaks of sample analytes rendering a quicker analysis even from a trace evidences. DC magnetron sputtering of nanoparticles on noble metals like Gold and Silver on samples of forensic eviden ces viz: blood, semen, spittle and latent fingerprints shows an enhanced and improved spectrum under ultraviolet light, FTIR-ATR and UV/VIS spectrum measurement devices. The spectral improvement is a result of Quantum confinement effect [40] of nanoparticles. This article is split into three sections of: Pharmaceutical applications, Engineering and Technology and additionally the foremost expected field of forensic investigation. The article in addition presents current and futuristic market potential for Nanomedicine and numerous different nanoelectronic devices and its impetus impact on humanity. 2. Pharmaceutical Applications of nanoparticles The potential application of nanoparticles is in the field of Nanomedicine. Nanomedicine as the name indicates is the branch of nanotechnology that deals with medical application of engineered nanotechnology. Though, the definition of nanotechnology and Nanomedicine continues to be an open debatable field, contention and brain storming among academicians and industrialists; we might wish to advocate wide accepted definitions by variety of the reputed regulatory authorities, research institutes and government agencies across the world. United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) outline nanotechnology as: Technology which allows scientists to create, explores, envision, and manipulate materials scaled in nanometers (10-9 m). Such engineered materials can have an entirely different set of properties (physical, chemical and biological) that dissent from those of their larger counterparts [41]. National Institute of health in its ‘National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical research in Nanomedicine programme’ defines Nanomedicine as: â€Å"An offshoot of nanotechnology, [which] refers to highly specific medical interventions at the molecular scale for curing disease or repairing damaged tissues, such as bone, muscle, or nerve† [42]. European Science Foundation’s (ESF) Forward Look Nanomedicine program has given comprehensive definition of Nanomedicine as: Nanomedicine uses a set of nano-sized tools for the diagnosing, preventing and treating of disease and to gain insight and in-depth understanding of some of the complex underlying patho-physiology of disease. The ultimate goal is to improve the quality-of-life [43]. Since last two decades Nanotechnology has evolved as the most promising engineering technology in novel drug delivery systems and in diagnostic techniques. The very fact may be determined by the number of promising Nanomedicine candidates approved by completely different regulatory authorities across the world for these applications. The Nanomedicine here represents umbrella term that covers the molecules at a lower place the scale of one thousand nm in at least one dimension and has potential applications among the subsequent fields: Advanced and targeted drug delivery Real time imaging and diagnosis Regenerative drugs. 2.1  Nanoparticles for site dependent and targeted Drug Delivery The size confluence of nanoparticles with proteins is the major reason that nanoparticles are widely used in therapeutic applications [63]. Their huge surface area provides a binding site for displaying surface functional groups like ligand. Moreover, they possess a speedy absorption and unleash behavior provided by high skills of their diffusion and surface modification. Nanoparticles in its synthesized form are rarely used in biomedical application on account of its inherent properties viz: cytotoxicity and high surface charge. Their high toxicity destroys healthy cells and enormous surface charge renders them highly unstable prohibiting its medical application. Therefore, the particle size and surface characteristics of nanoparticles are in general tailored or controlled to suite user needs and medical interests. Some distinguished examples of surface modification of nanoparticles are covalent binding between surface and functional molecules or polymers, electrochemical sensors: a dded gold NPs and halloysite nanocomposites [44] and layer-by-layer (L-b-L) self assembly. Whereas organic, inorganic or organic/inorganic hybrid materials are used for the fabrication of nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles have in

Elian Gonzalez :: essays research papers

The swarms of rumors and tons of media coverage form a shaded cloud around one boy, his name Elian Gonzalez. Elian has been crowded by cameras , flashes and political leaders all poking at his future. I believe that Elian should go home to Cuba where he could live peacefully out of the American media's blood hound reporters camera flashes and editorials. Elian's father and his family should be able to come to terms and decide on the fate of this young child. He is just being used as a puppet in the political war between Castro's Communism and Clinton's Democracy.I wish that the people of Miami would realize that Elian should not be given special rights to gain entrance to America. Since I have been to Cuba I am sure that there are many other people that would like to be able to travel and stay in America. That is not possible for them they are not cute enough or the center of a political debate therefore , Elian should be sent back to prove that he is a normal citizen and that every one in society is an equal.This debate over his location has gone much to far. The boy was taken out by force because the Miami residents would not give him up with out a fight. There were riots in the streets where senseless behavior the smashing cars and destruction throughout the streets of Little Havana. What does this solve? Nothing only people's valuables being destroyed which has nothing to do with the fight for Elian. That is exactly what it is no longer a peaceful discussion but a verbal and physical fight to decide this child's life.If this boy who is almost looked upon as a so called gift from god had been dealt with like every other illegal immigrant he would be merely sent back across the ocean he came across back to his native home of Cuba.

Computer Uses Essay

Today’s technology has changed the view of world. Among them computers are one of the best creations of the technology. Computers are the best closer look of new era’s technology. Computers are very useful in our routine life as a source of entertainment, as a medium of education and as a one way of business. First, Computers play a role of entertainer in our life. We can play a game on the computer. We can also download and upload games from the internet or from the game DVD. We can also enjoy music and movies too. For example, If you want to see movies, you can see it online through internet or you can see movie on DVD. Same way, if you like to listen music, you can upload songs from the CD or you get songs from online from the particular music sites. There are so many sites available on the internet like youtube.com, videoshare.com for the movies and video songs. This way we can get relaxation by using computers. Second is as a source of an education. Computers are the best companion for the students. Computer has many kind of services which can be helpful for the students for instance microsoft word, power point, HTML, java, etc. We can use microsoft word for writing purpose, we can use power point to make slide shows. Moreover, there are so many study sites available for online tutoring. It is really a very easy and cheap way for the study. You can find your any type of study related question to study online. In short, computers make study easy and interesting. Last but not least use of computer is as a medium of e-commerce. Today in our busy world people avoid to waste time for their shopping. Now a day consumers like to buy and sell their stuff online. Best example of online shopping is e-bay. On this particular site you get all necessary things like books, electric and electronic items, clothes etc. Moreover from e-bay, you can sell stuff too. I particularly love this site.

The Awareness Of Maori Culture Essay - 1828 Words

Thematic analysis Introduction:- For our subject introduction of tourism .I take three participant interviews. This interview based on the awareness about Maori culture in New Zealand. In this assessment I found four main themes and describe it, and the four main themes is tattoo, language, life style and food. Because in New Zealand there are two culture, one is Maori culture and other is kiwi culture. Tattoo- Maori people originally came from eastern Polynesian and Maori people have different type of body art, which called tattoo in their culture. And Maori people brought this art from Polynesia and this tattoo is very sacred these tattoos are different for Maori men and women. There lot of amount of Maori people has a facial tattoo and some people have whole face they cover with the tattoo. This was the symbol of power, prestige, and status in their culture. In Maori culture there are two types of tattoo making art one is machinery tattoo and other is hand making tattoo. In the Maori language tattoo means Ta-moko and this tattoo artist are highly respect by the Maori culture. And the main tattoo art brought in New Zealand from Captain James cook in the year 1769.tatoo are exported by Europe and they were very interested in threat of Maori tattoo. During the war Maori people want to show their symbol of power, their prestige and protections. In the past year Maori tattoo was making with t he knives and chisel and shark teeth or shark born and this way they design the skin.Show MoreRelatedAboriginal Population : Chief Hone Heke1490 Words   |  6 Pageswithin Maori population Ngapuhi chief Hone Heke, like Rawiri Taiwhanga, was in favour of the signing of the treaty. Hone Heke told Hobson at a meeting [discussing the treaty]: â€Å"Governor, you should stay with us and be like a father. If you go away, then the French or the rum sellers will take us Maori over. How can we know what the future will bring? 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This paper analyses Maori obesity through their worldview of wellbeing, discusses both the implications on obesity for Maori wellbeing